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‘A‡bK eQi Av‡Mi K_v| Znb Avgvi eqm GB ev‡iv-‡PŠÏ nBe| Mi“ PovB‡Z wbqv ‡MwQ| nVvr cv‡ji me‡P‡q ZvRv Mi“Uvi Ici Svucv‡q coj Bqv eo GKUv evN| wKQy ‡evSvi Av‡MB Nv‡oi nvo fvOj gU KBiv| ‡PuPvBqv DV‡ZB IBUv‡i QvBov cv‡ki Mi“Uv‡i aij| IBUv‡iI gvij| Gici KvgovBqv-AvuPovBqv me©bvk Kij Av‡iv K‡qKUvi| ‡nBw`b ‡hb mv¶vr kqZvb fi KiwQj [...] we¯ÍvwiZ

AvqZb 2688 eM© wK‡jvwgUvi b`-b`x ‡gNbv, cyivZb e«þcyÎ, Kvjbx, bimy›`v Dc‡Rjv wK‡kviMÄ m`i, cvKyw›`qv, KwigMÄ, wgVvgBb, ‰fie, AóM«vg, KywjqviPi, evwRZcyi, ‡nv‡mbcyi, ZvivBj, BUbv, KwUqv`x, wbKjx Ab¨vb¨ `k©bxq ¯’vb ‡kvjvwKqv C`Mvn gvV, mv`x gmwR`, ¸oB gmwR`, evsjv‡`k-hy³ivR¨ ‰gÎx ‡mZy, ‡mvgvB nvIi, Zjøvi nvIi

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el©vq wK‡kviM‡Äi BUbv, wgVvgBb, AóM«vg Dc‡Rjvi cy‡ivUvB nvI‡i iƒc ‡bq| ïK‡bv ‡gŠmy‡g Avevi nvwi‡q hvq me cvwb| ZL‡bv ‡`L‡Z Lvivc jvM‡e bv, Pviw`‡K meyR Avi meyR| Zv Qvov wgVvgB‡bi w`wjøi AvLov ‡`Lvi Rb¨ ‡h‡Z cv‡ib eQ‡ii ‡h‡Kv‡bv mgqB| AvLovi ‡fZ‡i Ava¨vwZ¥K mvaK bvivqY ‡Mv¯^vgx I Zvui wkl¨ M½vivg ‡Mv¯^vgxi mgvwa| Av‡iv cv‡eb ag©kvjv, bvUgw›`i, AwZw_kvjv, [...] we¯ÍvwiZ

`yM©g R½jvKxY© wQj e‡jB nq‡Zv Gi bvg n‡q‡Q R½jevwo| ev‡ivfyuBqvi c«avb Ckv Lvu R½jevwo `Lj K‡i ‡mLv‡b wØZxq ivRavbx ¯’vcb K‡ib| Gi wZb w`‡K cwiLv Lbb K‡i R½jevwo‡K GKwU ‡MvjvKvi Øx‡ci g‡Zv M‡o ‡Zv‡jb wZwb| 1581 mvj ‡_‡K GLv‡b Ae¯’vb K‡i 22wU ciMbv kvmb K‡ib Ckv Lvu| wK‡kviMÄ ‡Rjv kni ‡_‡K cvuP wK‡jvwgUvi c~‡e© KwigMÄ [...] we¯ÍvwiZ

GMviwm›`yi `yM©‡K wbg©vY K‡ib, Zv wb‡q gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| myjZvwb Avg‡ji ciB GMviwm›`yi GjvKvwU ‡KvP‡`i AwaKv‡i P‡j hvq| Ckv Lvu ‡KvP ivRv‡`i civwRZ K‡i GMviwm›`yi `yM©wU `Lj K‡ib| G `yM© ‡_‡KB ‡gvMj ‡mbvcwZ ivRv `yR©b wmsn I ivRv gvbwmsn‡K civwRZ K‡ib wZwb| Z‡e `y‡M©i bvg _vK‡jI Gi mvgvb¨ wPý Qvov wKQyB bR‡i c‡o bv GLb| cvKyw›`qv [...] we¯ÍvwiZ

Kwe¸i“ iex›`«bv_ VvKy‡ii c~e©cyi“l bv‡Uv‡ii Rwg`vi cwiev‡ii KvQ ‡_‡K wkjvB`‡ni Rwg`vwi wK‡b wb‡qwQ‡jb| Rwg`vwi cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ c«_g w`‡K cÙvZx‡ii ‡kwj mv‡n‡ei bxjKywV febwU e¨envi Kiv n‡Zv| cÙvi fvO‡b bxjKywVwU wejxb n‡q ‡M‡j 1892 mv‡j iex›`«bv‡_i åvZy®úyÎ bxwZ›`«bv_ VvKyi eZ©gvb febwU wbg©vY K‡ib| iex›`«bv_ mcwiev‡i wkjvB`n KywVevwo‡Z emevm ïi“ K‡ib 1898 mv‡j| 32 weNv Rwgi Ici [...] we¯ÍvwiZ

hZ`~i ‡PvL hvq DuPy-wbPy meyR cvnv‡oi mvwi| ‡mB KLb ‡_‡K ïbwQ GB ‡Zv mvg‡bB mbœ¨vmx cvnvo| hZ Kv‡Q hvB ZZB ‡hb `~‡i m‡i hvq| ‡kl‡gk avb KvUv Lvwj gv‡Vi AvBj ‡e‡q ‡e‡q ‡cuŠQvjvg mbœ¨vmx cvnv‡oi cv`‡`‡k| ‡ek DuPy cvnvoUv c‡o‡Q PÆM«v‡gi Kij‡W½vq| wmuwo ‡e‡q GKUy D‡V wRwi‡q wbB, Zvi ci Avevi IVv| Dc‡i D‡V gw›`‡ii [...] we¯ÍvwiZ

kni ‡_‡K ev‡m ev ‡U«‡b 40 wgwb‡Ui `~iZ¡ KygviLvjx Dc‡Rjv| GB Dc‡Rjv kn‡ii gvSLv‡b Kywóqvi c«_g msev`cÎ ‘M«vgevZ©v c«KvwkKv’i m¤úv`K Kv½vj nwibv_ gRyg`v‡ii evwo ‘Kv½vj KywUi’| 1863 mv‡j KygviLvjxi evsjv cvVkvjvi c«avb wk¶K Kv½vj nwibv_ GgGb ‡c«m ‡_‡K cwÎKvwUi c«Kvk ïi“ K‡ib| GB ‘M«vgevZ©v c«KvwkKv’q bxjKi, AZ¨vPvix Rwg`vi I jvwVqvj‡`i wei“‡× Kjg a‡iwQ‡jb Kv½vj nwibv_| [...] we¯ÍvwiZ